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Helping teachers choose areas of study that are relevant to preschoolers

  • 1.  Helping teachers choose areas of study that are relevant to preschoolers

    Posted 01-09-2023 12:05 PM
    Hello everyone - I am the curriculum director at my school and we serve 2 year old's through age 5. One of my biggest struggles is getting teachers to choose subjects that are relevant to preschoolers. For example - we are in SE Virginia and do not get a lot of snow, yet many of my teachers choose to do snow and ice themes in January. Many of these students have never seen snow, or if they have they surely don't remember it. I am looking for research and resources that will help me educate my staff as to the importance of choosing relevant subject matter for their students. Any advice on how to encourage them to make these changes would be helpful as well. We have several of the Creative Curriculum Studies so the resources are here for them to use, I just need them to buy into making the change. Thank you!

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    Tammy Foster
    Curriculum Director
    King of Glory Preschool and Kindergarten
    Williamsburg VA
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  • 2.  RE: Helping teachers choose areas of study that are relevant to preschoolers

    Posted 01-10-2023 08:07 AM
    Hello! I am following to see if there are other resources out there. However, I don't think they should get rid of these themes completely but rather change the structure to different weather across US in winter and share the differences in some areas having snow vs places that don't. The reason I think they should keep it to an extent is based on what you just said; most of them have never seen snow or don't remember it. So to know about it they need to learn about it since they aren't experiencing it.

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    Amanda Horn
    Teacher
    Light of Life childcare
    Kalispell MT
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  • 3.  RE: Helping teachers choose areas of study that are relevant to preschoolers

    Posted 01-10-2023 08:47 AM
    Hi Tammy,
    If I were in your position I would take a long-term approach. Making pedagogical change is slow because it requires time for reflection and for teachers to connect with each other about what they're experiencing and learning. Providing teachers facilitated time to study pedagogy through reading and talking about it as well as create, work with, and reflect on documentation of children's play would be meaningful. In order to figure out the best approach and to build authentic buy-in, teachers need to be part of the planning process. Ultimately, it's their work so following their intrinsic motivation - modeling the way we want them to do this with children - is effective. With good leadership there is a clear vision, but the details are worked out collaboratively. At the center where I was an admin we requested feedback on our leadership from our team coordinators, teachers who played the role of facilitator/leader of each teaching team. They wanted a clearer thread that connected each of our meetings and professional development and that feedback helped steer our leadership decisions. We spent two years working with this leadership team of teachers, diving deep with pedagogical philosophy during monthly meetings and providing coaching on facilitation skills before and during weekly team meetings so that documentation would move towards the center of every teacher's experience. We created some committees, which included a curriculum committee. With an admin facilitator they worked to define curriculum for our center and designed a pilot curriculum planning format which all of the teams tested and modified the next year. It is four years later and they are going deep with their documentation practice. I teach in higher ed now and I send as many of my practicum students as I can to this center because the teachers are able to explain the work they're doing and why they're doing it! Some key aspects of the long-term project was consistency in professional development topics - going deep over a long period of time instead of going broad, building a core leadership of teachers on each team, focusing on infrastructure that supports the documentation and reflection process. It should be noted that this work requires that the center provides paid time for teachers to interact with each other outside of the classroom. Meetings during nap time in the classroom are not sufficient for going deep because even if it is subconscious part of their brains are on the hook if a child needs something - it's time off the floor during the workday combined with PD time when children are not at the center that allows teachers the time and space to get into a flow together. 
    On a side note: If you, or anyone else in the forum, is interested in connecting your teachers to a documentation community please send me a message! We have a Documentation Studio at the college where I teach and we host a monthly event during the school year that is free to the public. We alternate a documentation protocol format (highlighting a local teacher or student's work) with Play Lab style formatting. We're based in the Boston area, but events are also hosted with a remote option via zoom. 
    Sincerely,
    Lauren

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    Lauren Stauble
    Consultant/Faculty
    Boston, MA
    feelthinkconnect.com
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  • 4.  RE: Helping teachers choose areas of study that are relevant to preschoolers

    Posted 01-10-2023 09:05 AM
    Hi Tammy,

    Your question reminds me of Lilian Katz's comments that we should stop teaching units about dinosaurs -- a topic with which children have not had any direct experience. I agree we need to start where children are and that learning must be relevant and meaningful to children.

    You asked for research and resources, and I think the work of Katz and her colleagues on the project approach may be relevant. For example, here's a link to an article by Sylvia Chard:
    http://ecap.crc.illinois.edu/eecearchive/books/projcat3/section1.html

    Chard writes, "Projects are most successful when children have had enough experience with a topic that they can formulate meaningful questions and talk about the topic with peers." Even when teachers are not using a project approach, the same is probably true of any curriculum approach.

    Katz's comment about dinosaurs is included in this article by Karen VanderVen, which speaks to teacher education and preparation and may be relevant to your broader question about how to guide teachers to develop their own radar for choosing relevant and responsive topics.
    https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED470897.pdf

    I would also add that children who haven't seen snow probably have had direct experience with ice. Exploring how water changes states -- how ice melts as it warms and how water turns to ice as it cools -- these are hands-on phenomena that children can explore together and perhaps lead to interesting questions and explorations related to snowy weather.

    I hope this is helpful!

    Ann Gadzikowski

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    Ann Gadzikowski
    Director of Early Learning
    Encyclopedia Britannica
    Evanston IL
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  • 5.  RE: Helping teachers choose areas of study that are relevant to preschoolers

    Posted 01-13-2023 10:15 AM
    Great references and a wonderful idea of how to work in the concept that water changes shape for children who have never experienced snow.

    I find It really interesting that we have a misconception about weather in the Southern United States. There are many places that experience snow, if only briefly ,during the winter. That experience may be diminishing as the climate warms.

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    Nora Krieger, PhD
    Associate Professor Emerita/Past Chair NJEEPRE
    Bloomfield College/NJ Educators Exploring the Practices of Reggio Emilia
    Highland Park, NJ
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  • 6.  RE: Helping teachers choose areas of study that are relevant to preschoolers

    Posted 01-10-2023 09:48 AM
    I write curriculum for centers in Georgia and Florida, and understand the difficulty of small children relating to snow, something they do not see or rarely have seen.  I have written units on other subjects that are just as fun, such as hibernation.  Children love animals and there is a lot you can do with which animals hibernate, how they get ready to do it, and then it leads into seasons and how they change.  Animals waking to the pretty spring flowers is how the lessons can end.
    Another alternative to snow could be a lesson on water and its different stages.  Snow is one of those stages, but so is sleet, rain, fog and mist.  There are simple science experiments that illustrate the water cycle that are appropriate for little ones.
    I hope this helps!

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    Christina Feldkamp
    Manager of Curriculum and Education
    Discovery Point Franchising, Inc.
    Duluth GA
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  • 7.  RE: Helping teachers choose areas of study that are relevant to preschoolers

    Posted 01-10-2023 12:04 PM
    Start off your next training session with, "Today we're going to look at how to manage cattle ranching in the desert; (or some other obtuse topic no early childhood teacher in S E Virginia would be invested in). Who's with me?"  and see if they "get it". 
    I live in N. Ohio and worked at a lab school where the students always wanted to do "the beach" theme but never "the swamp/pond" or even Great Lake; which is what is here

    There is nothing wrong with studying ice and snow, even in Virginia (most of your kids wish it WOULD snow there) but it would be a much better fit in a theme of water, weather, outdoors or science. I think teachers get too specific sometimes, if you're interested in ice and snow why not the rest of the weather and outdoors? That theme could last all month or longer since they are always changing. 

    The Reggio Emilia approach would be a good place to start talking about appropriate themes for young children. Start with what they know and work out from there. Reggio takes their themes from the children's interests, (what a concept!) and there is a TON written on that philosophy.

    We were situated a half block from the fire station and the children would run to the window to see the trucks go by (they usually went the other way towards the main street, but sometimes our way) so we thought that might be of interest. We started with a field trip and it took off after that. They wanted to build a fire truck from boxes and half way through they asked if we could go back to look at the trucks (specifically) again. I called the station and explained and we were welcomed back. Everyone didn't go the second time but those who did took notes (drawings) and were quite detail oriented.  And these weren't the kids who were usually found at the art table. 
    Not everyone's primary interest was in the fire part of it, some were more into the medical part and we had an ambulance, doctors offices, emergency rooms and vet clinics developed and used. We did some activities centered around the color RED which I have found popular with young people and everyone soon knew that the number 49 would make the siren sound on our electric (piano) keyboard. 

    If you follow the children they will lead you to interesting places.

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    Vicki Knauerhase M.Ed.
    Child Development Specialist (retired)
    Weston, OH (not far from Lake Erie)
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  • 8.  RE: Helping teachers choose areas of study that are relevant to preschoolers

    Posted 01-10-2023 01:40 PM
    Hi Tammy,

    I do see what your are saying to an extent.  One of the themes we do in our curriculum is around the world.  I have a hard time thinking can 2 year olds really grasp this?  Many times it might be a question of is this topic age appropriate.  On the other hand could it be part of our job to put these topics on their level.  I don't have material on this topic per se, but I am curious what others might say.

    That being said, we teach the arctic and Polar bears.  We teach hibernation and bears.  Yet our kids only see bears at the zoo.  My son's first time to learn about hibernation was when he was 3 and he was so fascinated.  Exposing them to a lot of educational /science topics can be fun.  The point is they are always learning and having fun.  As far as snow and ice, there are plenty of video out there.  During circle time when you discuss weather and winter, mention in some areas it gets a lot colder!  I live in Iowa where we have plenty of snow and cold, LOL.  I did however live in Salisbury, MD for 4 years.  We got a dusting of snow 1-3 times a year.  I suppose you being further south don't have that. But imagine bringing in some of that fake snow for a sensory bin and or big pom-pom's for a snow ball fight!  They would have so much fun.  Partly it's getting them to use their imaginations and then seeing there is so much around the world and that the rest of the world might be different than where they are.  Sometimes we do ocean themes, yet many of our kids have never bean to the ocean.  (lakes, perhaps, lol.)  

    Lastly not sure if we are allowed to mention companies on here.  We use a faith based curriculum which we love, but the themes can be "weak".  We supplement with My Big World and it has great resources for those type of themes.    Hope a different perspective helps.

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    Elizabeth Tatman
    Council Blfs IA
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  • 9.  RE: Helping teachers choose areas of study that are relevant to preschoolers

    Posted 01-11-2023 05:02 PM
    Hi Tammy--

    In my experience with mentoring teachers, I have found  it can be hard for them at times to be able to respond to children's interests that are demonstrated in the classroom, to let go of the idea that they must have "units", that their lesson plans must look like those in the text-books they may have had as undergrads and in practice teaching.

     The fact of the matter is that we have to remember that young children are so cognitively ego-centric-- their current level of thinking is so much working in reference to their personal experience--that they get much less from study of things outside that experience.  I find that "units" studying topics that are set up by the adults, and that have no reference to what children have personally experienced,  serve to impress adults-- parents, perhaps-- but are not particularly effective for children. 

    If you think rather of some of the skills   that you want children to gain-- i.e. careful observation, reasoning about the relationship of different ideas, the ability to act out or represent things in their art work that they have observed or learned-- these skills can be worked into any topic which the children have been drawn to.  

    I would suggest that you ask teachers to take some time in the classroom where they are able to observe what children seem to be drawn to over a one or two week period.  What are they attempting to depict in their art work, what are they building in blocks, what are the themes of their pretend play scenarios both outside and in the classroom?  What are they acting out in their sand table play or talking about when working with play dough?  Of a variety of non-fiction books available, what ones seem to draw their interest? If it works in your setting, consider having a group walk in the neighborhood and ask for and write down their "notice-ings" at a meeting when you return.  

    If teachers observe carefully what comes from children in their play, their art and their conversations, many "beginning of a project ideas " can come from this to design some projects or studies around. And then skills are attached to those topics. As others have mentioned, some of the writings about project based learning and the Reggio Emilia approach are very good in helping teachers to structure this so it is workable for them.  

    Once the teachers have their topics that came from children, then they are free to design learning experiences and activities that make a solid plan for curriculum design-- and lesson plans can be drawn from that planning.  I think you are right to try to steer the curriculum in the direction of study of what children's personal experience excites in them.

    Good luck!



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    Monica O'Gara
    Woodbine MD
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  • 10.  RE: Helping teachers choose areas of study that are relevant to preschoolers

    Posted 01-13-2023 09:26 AM
    Monica,

    What an excellent explanation of the "why" surrounding the importance of observing children at play.  Really listening to children can help teachers learn about common interests.  Teachers may need to tap into their own creative thinking to make links where they may not seem obvious.  For instance, children may be very interested in the food in the dramatic play area.  Teachers can focus on food, introducing books and songs about different types of food, what their family eats for dinner, where their family eats, different cultures, healthy foods, and so on.  The topic can be extended to animals and what they eat, where they eat, etc.  Or, perhaps the teacher can lead the discussion to where food comes from, how it is grown, how it gets to the grocery store, etc. 

    Encouraging teachers to tap into their own creative spirit is key.  What may look like just an ordinary play scenario can be so much more if you are encouraged to find the many ways it can influence your topics.  Observing play will help teachers find links to topics that mean something to the children in their care.

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    Jenny James
    Director, First Lutheran Preschool
    Co-author  Dig In:  Outdoor STEM Learning with Young Children
    Ellicott City MD
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  • 11.  RE: Helping teachers choose areas of study that are relevant to preschoolers

    Posted 01-17-2023 06:39 PM
    Good day!
    There's a lot of great thoughts in this thread! 

    I love the idea of following children's interests.  If they're curious about the moon, just because they haven't been to the moon doesn't mean we can't learn about it.  If they're interested in dinosaurs, just because there's no living dinosaurs doesn't mean we can have absolute fun learning about them.  If they're curious about the snow, but live in a hot climate doesn't mean you can't give them an idea of what it might be like (snow cones anyone? and oh so many ice projects).  They see and hear about so much (cartoons, tv shows, adult conversations, books, that they're going to have interest in things that are NOT in their environment.  It's human nature to have curiosity and expand beyond what we see.  Think about their imagination!  Faeries, dragons, monsters, etc.  It's really up to us as teachers to find ways to turn these interests into tangible learning opportunities.

    I also love the idea of piquing their curiosity in topics they don't have experience with.  If we only learned about things we already know we'd be quite limited in our imagination.  Would you say that just because there's no ethnicity in your classroom means they should never learn about other cultures around the world?  There's so many wonderful ways of giving developmentally appropriate experiences with things that seem too abstract or unattainable- think of all the food to make and tastes from around the world!  Artwork!  Music!  I would definitely say we'd be depriving our children of lovely experiences and opportunities if we limit ourselves to only what children currently have in their environment.

    Another thing I've found is the teacher's interest in the topic matters as well.  If the teacher is super enthusiastic and passionate in a positive way, the children are interested.

    So then, maybe the question isn't about the topics, but rather 1) Do the children and teachers have a vested interest?  and 2) What are the activities and how the activities are carried out? (Coloring a picture of snow vs. making snow sculptures using a snowcone machine, taking cardboard and "sledding" down grassy hills and other more tangible and realistic experiences).

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    Lorelei van Peborgh
    Preschool Director
    BOYS AND GIRLS CLUB OF NORTH LAKE TAHOE
    Kings Beach CA
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  • 12.  RE: Helping teachers choose areas of study that are relevant to preschoolers

    Posted 01-19-2023 06:15 AM
    Changing one's thoughts is hard.  However, as Early Childhood professionals, we need to be committed to keeping up with best practices.  I love all the ideas in this discussion about aligning lessons to children's interests.  I totally agree with a teacher's observing children as they play in order to key in to what each child is curious about..  What about following up on those observations and actually interviewing each child as to what he/she wants to learn about.  In my opinion, a direct interviewing session with each child empowers them because they will see us teachers as co-learners and researchers. Then, after interviewing each child, the teacher can, in he/her daily Morning meeting, have children vote ( the teacher will explain the voting process) on the project they want to do.  This helps each child feel as though he/she is  an important part of a Learning community, thus building the confidence each child needs in order to take learning risks and to grow and develop.  For example, if several children are playing outside and the teacher observes them looking at a tree wondering about the shape of the leaves and branches, then that teacher has an opportunity to key in on that interest.  Then, the teacher can say, "I saw that you were looking at that tree.  What are some things you saw that interested you? The shape of the tree, the leaves.   Let's learn more about that. e tree together, because I am interested in it, too."  Then, modeling his/her own curiosity about the tree, the teacher could say, " I wonder why those leaves are shaped like that.  Any more ideas?"  This is a provocative question, engaging the children. 


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    Katherine Krause
    Saint Louis MO
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